An exciting development in diabetes care has emerged from a team of international researchers, led by Australia, who have created a new way for people with diabetes to take insulin without injections. Instead, they might soon be able to take it orally, as simple as swallowing a tablet or even consuming a piece of chocolate.
This innovative approach uses nanotechnology to create what’s called a ‘nano carrier’—a tiny protective coating that wraps around insulin molecules. This nano carrier protects the insulin from being destroyed by stomach acid after it is swallowed, ensuring it reaches the bloodstream effectively. This method has been successfully tested in various animal models, including mice, rats, and baboons, showing promising results without side effects like hypoglycemia, a common issue with insulin injections that occurs when blood sugar levels drop too low.
The researchers’ breakthrough primarily lies in the nano carrier’s ability to react to blood sugar levels. It releases insulin only when blood sugar is high and holds back when it’s low, making the treatment safer and more effective.
Dr. Nicholas Hunt from the University of Sydney, a lead researcher on the project, explained that developing a reliable oral insulin has been a major challenge since insulin was first discovered. Their nano carrier greatly improves how much insulin enters the bloodstream after ingestion, making oral insulin a viable alternative.
The team expects to begin human trials by 2025, through a company called Endo Axiom Pty Ltd, founded after 20 years of research into this technology. This innovation has the potential to ease the daily burden for millions of people with diabetes, offering a simpler and less invasive option than traditional injections.
Senior author Professor Victoria Cogger noted that the project is not only a scientific endeavor but also a personal one, inspired by a family member’s struggle with type 1 diabetes. She hopes that this new form of insulin will significantly improve the quality of life for those affected by the disease.
